🧬 Biology, Genetics & Health Calculators
Tools for molecular biology, genetics, ecology, the lab bench and human physiology. Health calculators provide estimates only and are not medical advice.
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- DNA Sequence ToolsReverse complement, complement, RNA transcription, protein translation, GC content, length and molecular weight of a DNA sequence.
- Protein Molecular Weight, pI & Extinction CoefficientCalculate the molecular weight, isoelectric point, net charge, extinction coefficient and amino acid composition of a protein sequence.
- Primer Melting TemperatureEstimate the melting temperature of a DNA primer using the Wallace rule and the salt-adjusted GC formula.
- Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium CalculatorAllele and genotype frequencies under Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, plus a chi-square test from observed genotype counts.
- Punnett Square CalculatorGenerate Punnett squares for mono-, di- and trihybrid crosses with genotype and phenotype ratios.
- Population Growth CalculatorProject population size with exponential or logistic growth; doubling time from growth rate.
- Bacterial GenerationNumber of generations, generation time and growth rate from initial and final cell counts.
- BMI CalculatorCalculate Body Mass Index from weight and height (metric) with the WHO weight category and healthy weight range.
- BMR & Daily Calorie CalculatorBasal metabolic rate (Mifflin–St Jeor) and total daily energy expenditure by activity level.
- Target Heart Rate CalculatorMaximum heart rate and training zones using the Karvonen heart-rate-reserve method.
- Body Surface AreaBody surface area using the Mosteller, Du Bois and Haycock formulas.
- Serial Dilution CalculatorConcentrations and transfer volumes for each step of a serial dilution series.
- Hemocytometer Cell Count CalculatorCell concentration and viability from hemocytometer (Neubauer) counts.
- Microscope Magnification & Field of ViewTotal magnification, field of view and real size of a specimen under a microscope.
- Michaelis–Menten Enzyme Kinetics CalculatorReaction velocity from Vmax, Km and substrate concentration; catalytic efficiency.
- Codon to Amino Acid LookupLook up the amino acid encoded by a DNA or RNA codon using the standard genetic code.